Basic route for Export


Index:

PRESENTATION

1. I CONTACT WITH THE IMPORTER

1.1 - I contact Preliminary
1.2 - contact of Quotation

2. ANALYSIS OF THE PEDIDO

3. PREPARATION OF THE MERCHANDISE AND OTHER DOCUMENTS FOR EMBARKMENT

3.1 - preparation of the Merchandise
3.2 - Romaneio or Packing List
3.3 - registration of Export - RE
3.4 - receipt
3.5 - knowledge of Embarkment
3.6 - certified   

4. PREPARATION OF THE DOCUMENTS AFTER THE EMBARKMENT OF THE MERCHANDISE.

4.1 - he/she makes money Commercial
4.2 - it takes out or Exchange
4.3 - certificate or insurance policy
4.4 - he/she bills and Sees Consular
4.5 - knowledge of Embarkment
4.6 - letter of Credit
4.7 - certificates
4.8 - letter of Delivery

5. PARTICULARITIES

5.1 - Documentos Necessários
5.2 - Operações de Câmbio
5.3 - Exportação em Consignação
5.4 - Amostras
5.5 - Pequenas Encomendas
5.6 - Drawback
5.7 - Drawback - Interno
5.8 - Sistema Integrado de Comércio Exterior - SISCOMEX
5.9 - Preço de Exportação

6. PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF PRICE OF EXPORT



PRESENTATION

The objective of this route is to allow to the interested to have, by the reading of items seqüenciais, a knowledge of the principal steps that you/they should be followed, in order to reach the final objective: embark of the merchandise and greeting of her exchange value resultants, for the export of your products.

An export, so that it can be rendered, it demands the preparation of the company, be her industrial or commercial, once there is need of being found, in the exterior, a partner that is convinced that the acquisition of the product that she long for to export will assist to the development of your activities.

To the we elaborate the present route, that more he/she resembles each other the a sequence of items that you/they should be accomplished for an export, we didn't have in mind to form somebody for the activity, but to show the road to be traveled so that a company can enter in the international market and, the most important, there to stay.

The market opening allows relative freedom in practice of the imports, turning them less restrictive, bringing, as consequence, a natural pulse in the exports, once only with the practice of the trade, in the width of your term, there is possibility of the reach of the development.

Before the electric outlet of decision on your entrance in the activity exporter, the company should evaluate, with depth, your Real perspectives, in the sense of resulting in benefits for your acting as a completely. This diversification the one that she throw will be redundant in an amplification of the commercial activities and, consequently, in the reduction of the risks of the company in your general context.

When deciding to reach the exterior with your products, it owes the company, besides the providences that they are proceeded, to respect the sequence of steps that you/they are mentioned later.

• Accreditation close to the Integrated System of External Trade - SISCOMEX. This file seeks to make possible the company exporter the password " obtaining so that it can operate the computerized system. In the final part of this Route, in " particularities ", they can be found the procedures for this providence;
  
  
  
  Definition of the products that she intend to export;
  
   
  
  1. I CONTACT WITH THE IMPORTER
  
  To the the existence of a possible importer to be detected, the formalização of the contact should be made arrangements. This is regularly divided in two very defined parts, to know:
  
  1.1 - I contact Preliminary
  
  This first contact should be understood as that that seeks detect a buyer for the product, being, for this reason, denominated of contact preliminary or exploratory. Your objective is it of taking to know, to the interested, in the exterior, that the exporter exists and that your product also. Getting, for this first contact, to wake up the possible buyer's interest, the exporter will leave for the quotation contact.
  
  1.2 - contact of Quotation
  
  This consists, in general, in sending to the interested the INVOICE FOR FORM of a product.
  
  The Invoice Pro Form will contain all the particularities and conditions that the exporter needs to accomplish for the sale of a product to the exterior. Like this, this invoice will contain, obligatorily, the following items:
  
  a)denominação Makes money Pro Form;
  
  b) the possible buyer's appropriate characterization or addressee;
  
  c) description of the product (this should be the more he/she needs possible);
  
  d) modality of the sale (this is based, in general, in Incoterms revision 2000 and it defines which the duties and the salesperson's rights and of the buyer, in an international operation of goods, could be: FOB, CFR and other);
  
  and) payment conditions (here the exporter should gather certain knowledge to opt for the condition that more it will be adapted to the guidelines of your company. Just to title exemplificativo, the usual conditions in the international trade are: premature payment, collection and credit letter);
  
  f) presentation packing and of transport;
  
  g) minimum and maximum volumes that the exporter can respect;
  
  h) it transports international (in the modalities CFR and CIF, this will be I paid by the exporter and reimbursed by the importer when of the payment of the operation. Like this, the embarkment knowledge that will accompany the merchandise it will take the indication prepaid. In the modality FOB, the payment of the freight will be made by the importer and the embarkment knowledge will take the observation collect);
  
  i) I hold international (in the modality CIF, the insurance is hired by the exporter and, for consequence, it is him also who makes the payment, receiving from the importer the corresponding value, when of the ransom of the operation);
  
  j) price of the product (this should embrace all the items that compose the operation: in period terms, amount, payment form, packing type etc.);
  
  l) period of delivery (the exporter will always owe, when he offers your product, to fasten for the buyer the period of that he will need, to count of the date of the greeting of the request, to have available the merchandise for embarkment. This period cannot stop taking in bill the transport existence);
  
  m) validity of the quotation (this will indicate for how long or until that dates the conditions they can be considered " firm " for the buyer in the exterior);
  
  n) reference sources (this item is usually close to integral part of a first product quotation that buyer and your objective is it of allowing that, for the future, the exporter can be provided with cadastral information that they can come allowing him/her the practice of a condition of more accessible payment, without the demand of eventual warranties);
  
  the) documents (usually when it is made a quotation, they are suitable those that, as rule, the exporter sends. This form of acting seeks to give previous knowledge to the importer so that, in the case of needing of other documents to assist demands of the legislation of your country, these can come to be requested). Concluded the quotation phase, the exporter is in the expectation of a request on the part of the importer.
  
   
  
  2. ANALYSIS OF THE REQUEST
  
  The greeting of the request or of the credit letter he/she leads off a new phase of providences they be taken her/it by the exporter with views to the integral respect to the expressed conditions in the purchase. So much in a case as in other, it is necessary a detailed analysis of all your elements.
  
  This providence is developed being compared the quotation or he/she Makes money Pro Form with the content of the request or credit letter.
  
  Meeting the expressed conditions in those documents conforms those constant of the quotation, the exporter enters in a new stage of administrative decisions, in other words, in the preparation of the merchandise and of the necessary documents to the execution of the order, so much for ends of transport of the merchandise to the stipulated destiny as well as for the due negotiation close to the banks.
  
   
  
  3. PREPARATION OF THE MERCHANDISE AND OTHER DOCUMENTS FOR EMBARKMENT
  
  3.1 - preparation of the Merchandise
  
  The preparation and packing of the merchandise to be exported, when being ended, will result in the document denominated romaneio or packing list.
  
  3.2 - Romaneio or Packing List
  
  This document is necessary for the disembarrassment of the merchandise, so much in the exit promoted by the exporter as well as to guide the importer (when of the arrival of the merchandise in the destiny country), because it indicates the volumes and respective contents.
  
  3.3 - registration of Export - RE
  
  Of ownership of the romaneio, he/she becomes possible the completion of RE, in the Integrated System of External Trade - SISCOMEX. For this providence, the exporter should be credenciado, by " password ", in order to operate the system. As general rule, all the products destined to the export they are subject to RE. Just the related operations in the Enclosure " THE " of the Entrance SCE no. 02, 22/12/92, is that enjoy the dismissal of this registration. Nowadays, even the cases inventoried in mentioned him enclosure, they should be exported through DSE - Simplified Declaration of Export.
  
  3.4 - receipt
  
  Prepared RE, the following step is the emission of the receipt that will accompany the merchandise from the exit of the establishment to your cash disembarrassment for the exterior.
  
  3.5 - knowledge of Embarkment
  
  This document is emitted by the international transporter of the merchandise or your agent, being close to primordial the negotiation the bank with which the operation be being led.
  
  3.6 - certificates
  
  Depending on the merchandise that she are embarking for the exterior, it can come to some to be demanded certified that attests the quality or certain specifications of the product, be to assist impositions of the Brazilian legislation, or demands of the importer face to the effective norms in your country.
  
   
  
  4. PREPARATION OF THE DOCUMENTS AFTER THE EMBARKMENT OF THE MERCHANDISE
  
  Embarked the merchandise for the exterior, new phase begins, that could be denominated of preparation of the necessary documents to the negotiation of the operation close to the bank. When the operation be aided by credit letter, the exporter should double your attentions for the making of the documents, because these should respect strictly contained him in that payment instrument.
  
  The documents usually demanded close to for the negotiation the banks they are:
  
  4.1 - he/she makes money Commercial:
  Elaborated document, as rule, after the efetivação of the embarkment, should contain all the basic elements of the operation.
  
  4.2 - it takes out or Exchange:
  Also denominated draft, it represents the title of credit of the operation.
  
  4.3 - certificate or insurance policy:
  Necessary your presentation in the operations led under the modality CIF.
  
  4.4 - he/she bills e/ou Sees Consular:
  Necessary when the country of destiny of the merchandise imposes this document.
  
  4.5 - knowledge of Embarkment:
  Your originals are basic documents for the negotiation, once the importer will use them for the disembarrassment of the merchandise in the destiny.
  
  4.6 - letter of Credit:
  In the operations led under this payment condition, the original of this document is indispensable so that the exporter can render the delivery and the greeting of your value close to the bank.
  
  4.7 - certificates:
  So much those certified by chance demanded for the embarkment of the merchandise for the exterior as well as those that attest the origin of the exported product should be part of the documents that are being negotiated.
  
  4.8 - letter of Delivery:
  It consists of a letter in the which you/they are related all the documents that are being negotiated (you given to the bank). the copy of this letter, properly recorded by the bank, it represents the exporter's proof to have accomplished the commitment of negotiating the documents, imposed by the Central Bank of Brazil.
  
   
  
  5. PARTICULARITIES
  
  In the quality of particularities that they should be accomplished in an export process, they are presented to follow some items that can aid in your development:
  
  5.1 - Necessary documents
  
  the) for internal traffic of the goods: receipt;
  
  b) for embarkment ends for the exterior: receipt; embarkment knowledge; RE - Registration of Export; romaneio or packing list; certificates (if necessary);
  
  c) for negotiation ends close to the bank: he/she/you makes money commercial; embarkment knowledge; original of the credit letter (if this goes the payment condition); it takes out or exchange; certificate or insurance policy (if demanded by the operation); he/she bills e/ou sees consular (if demanded); certificates - so much those used for the embarkment as well as the one of origin (when requested); romaneio or packing list; delivery letter;
  
  d) for fiscal and accounting ends (always for copies): exchange contract and alterations (if there is); I record of the negotiation letter; export voucher - SISCOMEX; receipt and complemental receipt (if there is); certificate or insurance policy (if it goes the case); embarkment knowledge; he/she/you makes money commercial.
  
  5.2 - operations of Exchange
  
  It is for the recruiting of the exchange that the exporter receives the value of your export operation, turned into Real by the bank. This operation can be practiced in two times, to know:
  
  the) before the embarkment of the merchandise for the exterior: up to 360 days.
  
  b) later to the embarkment: until 180 days after the embarkment, limited to the twentieth following day to the date of the cash entrance of the exchange value;
  
  c) operations with margin not taken out: recruiting of the value (just the portion not taken out), until the date of expiration of the period granted by SECEX; or until the twentieth following day to the date of the greeting of the exchange value;
  
  d) goods in consignment: recruiting until the twentieth following day to the of the greeting of the foreign coin;
  
  and) recruiting prohibition after the embarkment: those that be involved in abnormal operation or irregular procedure in the exchange area or of external trade; to the that maintain pendant later the exchange recruiting to the embarkment, after the period regularly fastened; to the that maintain pendant the application of your exchange operations been celebrated previous or later to the embarkment, to respective " RE "; to the that habitually descumprem the recruiting norms or of provisionamento of the respective contract.
  
  The negotiation of the operation close to the bank, understood like this the providence of presentation of the related documents in the delivery letter, it should respect the maximum period of fifteen days, to count of the date of the embarkment.
  
  5.3 - export in Consignment
  
  To consign a merchandise to somebody else is to authorize that a third person negotiates the good. In the export, the consignment is admitted for the related products in the Anexo " F " of the Entrance SCE 02/92.
  
  This operation alternative allows to the Brazilian exporter, by the placement of the product in the exterior, to evaluate the receptivity of the market in relation to the product, allowing, besides, that the proximity of the merchandise and, consequently, the speed of the delivery, create conditions of better competitiveness and price. The operations in consignment have, as rule, a period limits of 180 days for your materialization, in other words, the product sent like this it can stay for that period in the exterior, so that it is sold.
  
  On the other hand, the relative goods to the chapters 6, 7, 8 and 0910.10.00, of NCM, they have 90 days as maximum period. Elapsed those periods the goods sent like this they should come back to Brazil in up to 60 days. Being analyzed this operation, for a commercial optics, it can be called her of " attractive ", mainly for those companies that intend to evaluate the possibilities of commercialization of certain products in certain markets in the exterior.
  
  To the this form to be focused of operating, it should be made her/it under two decisive aspects:
  
  the) the exit for the exterior is led " with exchange " covering, receiving the code SISCOMEX 80102, for the goods in general and, 80114, when he/she treats of the remittance of products whose maximum period is of 90 days;
  
  b) the addressee of the merchandise should be linked the exporter, through contract, stipulating the rules be respected her/it for the operation: responsibility for the storage and safe; sale commitment in elapsing of the established period; commitment of sending the select exchange value with the sale in the constant periods of the contract; minimum prices that can be practiced for the materialization of the operation commercial, and other.
  
  5.4 - samples
  
  The item " samples ", important in the exporter's day by day, it is a subject that deserves special consideration face to the administrative norms that surround him/it and, also, for the fact of treating from remittance to the exterior without exchange covering. The samples, characterized like this as the remittances of goods without commercial destination, they should be analyzed under two aspects:
  
  the) until five thousand dollars of the United States or your equivalent one in other coins, by the elaboration of " RE ", in SISCOMEX. Mentioned " him RE " it is done in a simplified way, receiving the code 99101 of framing of the operation;
  
  b) in the same way as in the case previous, however released of the emission of " RE ", samples can be sent until the value of five thousand dollars or your equivalent one in other coins, since the following particularities are respected: those represented by amounts, fragments or parts of any merchandise, strictly necessary to give to know your nature, species or quality.
  For this alternative the use of DSE is recommended - Simplified Declaration of Export.
  
  5.5 - small Orders
  In spite of they be not characterized as samples, the small orders sent without commercial destination and without exchange covering they are released close to of RE SISCOMEX. Also in this case the use of DSE is recommended now.
  
  5.6 - Drawback
  
  The drawback, in spite of being an import process, is an operation of extreme importance in the context of the exports, once it consists of the acquisition, in the exterior, of inputs (raw materials, secondary materials, packings and parts and pieces), destined to the production of exported goods or to export. That acquisition is characterized as an incentive, for the fact of being exonerated of the normal taxes that record the imported products.
  
  The incentive of the drawback, like this known in the ambit of the exports, it is an operation that allows to the manufacturer-exporter the use of inputs imported that present better quality, smaller price and larger delivery speed, when compared with similar national, allowing the obtaining of a product in better conditions or cost and period of delivery more consentâneos to the commitments assumed with the export of the final product, not implicating her/it mentioned import in verification of similarity existence or even the transport in ship or embarkation of Brazilian flag.
  
  5.7 - Drawback - Intern
  
  In spite of being usually denominated in the middle drawback exporter - I intern, the operation, maid through the article third of the Law 8.402/92, consists of allowing the acquisition of inputs in the internal market with the same regime and fiscal treatment granted to the exonerated imports, done under the drawback regime. This operation of suspension of IPI in the internal purchases of inputs should be preceded of approval of " export " plan previously presented to the Clerkship of the Federal Revenue - SRF, as it sets down the Normative Instruction DpRF 84/92.
  
  5.8 - Integrated system of External Trade - SISCOMEX
  
  SISCOMEX, Integrated System of External Trade, it is a computerized system of registration, accompaniment and computerized control of information, created by the Ordinance 660, of 25/09/92. Your implantation happened in 04/01/93, for the exports.
  
  For your imports employment he/she had beginning in 01/01/97, when it started to invigorate at the Country a cash integrated system of external trade, of high reliability, operated through the net SERPRO. The company to operate in the international trade through SISCOMEX, will be due the Federal Revenue close to, by the concession of a " password ", which will allow to proceed to the registrations demanded that, in the export, they are:
  
  the) RE - Registration of Export: demanded for all the export operations, being spared just those related in the Enclosure " THE " of the Entrance SCE 02/92. he/she should remember that the constant operations of the mentioned Enclosure " SHE " should be aided by DSE, as it determines the Normative Instruction SRF 155/99.
  
  b) RV - I Register of Sale: necessary only for the exports of products whose negotiation has been made through international bags;
  
  c) DDE - Declaration of Ruling of Export: usually accessed by the dispatcher of the company, seeking to turn the capable operation to the disembarrassment export customs officer;
  
  d) RC - Registration of Operation of Credit: elaborated before RE, being just necessary for the financed operations, in other words, those that have period of superior payment to 180 days to count of the date of your embarkment for the exterior.
  
  For the processing of your operations through SISCOMEX, the exporter should evaluate the advantages of operating with own terminal, in the company, or of using terminals of third. As much the banks as the exchange brokers they have conditions of operating the system through SISBACEN, where they are connected. This alternative of operating eliminates the exporter's need he/she to have your own terminal when the volume of operations be reduced in the company.
  
   
  
  5.9 - price of Export
  
  One of the most common problems faced by the company that intends to export and, even, for those that already export, it has been the determination of the price of export of the product, that not always it provides satisfaction with relationship to your results.
  
  It is necessary to know that the determination of the price of export of a product involves, besides the relative problems at the costs, the linked peculiarities to the white market of the lunges. In spite of the international market not to dispose of organs official controllers of prices or of margins of earnings, occupation is made to remind that has instrument that could be considered much more rigorous, represented by the international competition.
  
  The competitiveness, wants in terms of prices as well as in relation to the quality of the products, it is a factor of high relevance being considered when the company presents interest in marketing with the exterior. When studying the export price he/she becomes primordial the orientation of the calculation in a technical way, to be defined that that she stipulated to denominate of " price-floor ".
  
  This, besides the costs, would contain the minimum margin of profit destined to remunerate the investment. The eventual amplification of this margin would pass constituting an attribution of the commercial area, by the largest's analysis or smaller penetration possibility that the product could come to represent to the different longed for markets.
  
  In order to become internationally competitive, the wisest road would be:
  - to define the price with base in the technical elements of the company;
  - to fasten to markup, in agreement with the accumulated experiences in the different markets.
  
  It is necessary that, when of the calculation of the price of export of a product, the differentiated fiscal treatments of the be also computed which, in general, they enjoy the products in your exits for the commercialization it expresses. Another observation of having raised importance, when the company intends to undertake the calculation of the price of products destined to the market of the export, it is the fact of being a common practice to take for base the price of internal market and, on this price, to proceed to the necessary fittings, adapting him/it the that aims at.
  
  Being adopted this conduct, he/she is due like this to act:
  
  - to exclude all the tributes and contributions that are in him built-in and that they won't happen in your export, for exemption, immunity or non incidence;
  
  - to deduce all the other elements that, in spite of constants in the internal market, they won't happen with your export, standing out:
  
  • salesperson commission;
  
  • packing;
  
  • distribution expenses;
  
  • propaganda expenses;
  
  • markup, in case she intend to adopt margin differentiated in the export;
  
  • other portions that should not happen in the export;
  
  
  
  • to include all the portions that will be part of the export price, among them:
  
  • packing;
  
  • expenses of movement of the product, from the establishment to your cash disembarrassment and embarkment for the exterior;
  
  • agent commission or representative (if there is);
  
  • markup waited;
  
  • other portions that if they do necessary;
  
  Eventual • imposed about the export (if there is).
  
  With the adoption of such providences, it will be able to the exporter to analyze the composition of your price and to adapt him/it to the particularities of each market that it aspirates to reach.
  
   
  
  6. PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF PRICE OF EXPORT
  
  
  

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